Peer Tutoring – CAS Article – Mahindra International School

Physical Education (PE)

MIS provides a balanced PE programme in line with the PYP. This is part of the Personal, Social and Physical Education (PSPE) curriculum, the second component being the social emotional curriculum led by our Counselor. PE is seen as essential in developing balanced and active learners. PE is taught through units of inquiry and regularly integrated through homeroom units.

The PE curriculum includes the following strands that provides a range of experiences:

Individual pursuits
Movement composition
Games
Adventure challenge
Health-related fitness

Social Studies

Social studies allow learners to explore intercultural understanding and respect for individuals and their values and traditions. In social studies, learners explore how people: think, feel and act; how they interact with others; their beliefs and aspirations; the problems they have to face; how and where they live (or lived); how they interact with their environment; the work they do; and how they organize themselves.

Social studies is integrated and taught through Units of Inquiry. The knowledge component of social studies is arranged into five strands:

Human systems and economic activities	The study of how and why people construct organizations and systems; the ways in which people connect locally and globally; the distribution of power and authority.
Social organization and culture	The study of people, communities, cultures and societies in the ways in which individuals, groups and societies interact with each other.
Continuity and change through time	The study of the relationships between people and events through time; the past, its influences on the present and its implications for the future; people who have shaped the future through their actions.
Human and natural environments	The study of the distinctive features that give a place its identity; how people adapt to and alter their environment; how people experience and represent place; the impact of natural disasters on people and the built environment.
Resources and the environment	The interaction between people and the environment; the study of how humans allocate and manage resources; the positive and negative effects of this management; the impact of scientific and technological developments on the environment.

Science

Science provides opportunities for learners to engage in scientific investigations by making accurate observations, handling tools, recording and comparing data, and formulating explanations using their own scientific experiences and those of others. Learners will gain experience in testing their own assumptions and thinking critically about the perspectives of others in order to further develop their own ideas.

Science is integrated and taught through Units of Inquiry. The knowledge component of science is arranged into four strands:

Living things	The study of the characteristics, systems and behaviours of humans and other animals, and of plants; the interactions and relationships between and among them, and with their environment.
Earth and space	The study of planet Earth and its position in the universe, particularly its relationship with the sun; the natural phenomena and systems that shape the planet and the distinctive features that identify it; the infinite and finite resources of the planet.
Materials and matter	The study of the properties, behaviours and uses of materials, both natural and human-made; the origins of human-made materials and how they are manipulated to suit a purpose.
Forces and energy	The study of energy, its origins, storage and transfer, and the work it can do; the study of forces; the application of scientific understanding through inventions and machines. (IBO, 2009)

Mathematics

Mathematics in the PYP is covered in 5 strands:

Number
Pattern and Function
Data Handling
Measurement
Shape and Space

In number, learners inquire into number systems, their operations, patterns and functions. This is where learners become fluent in the language of arithmetic, as they learn to encode and decode its meaning, symbols and conventions. In data handling, measurement and shape and space, learners explore how to research, describe, represent and understand the world around them.

Through Mathematics learning engagements, learners explore problem solving, the language of mathematics and applying mathematical concepts to real-life situations. Whenever possible, Mathematics is taught through the relevant, realistic contexts in the units of inquiry.

In the PYP, Mathematics is viewed primarily as a vehicle to support inquiry, providing a global language through which we make sense of the world around us. It is intended that learners become competent users of the language of Mathematics and can begin to use it as a way of thinking, as opposed to seeing it as a series of facts and equations to be memorized. The power of Mathematics for describing and analysing the world around us can become a highly effective tool for solving problems.

Mathematics in the PYP has three key components:

Constructing meaning about mathematics
Transferring meaning into symbols
Applying with understanding

Play and exploration have a vital role in the learning and application of mathematical knowledge, particularly for younger learners. Learners will be actively involved in a range of activities that can be free or directed. In planning the learning environment and experiences, teachers consider that young learners may need to revisit areas and skills many times before understanding can be reached.

Acknowledging that learning Mathematics is a developmental process, the Mathematics Scope and Sequence is a developmental continuum to assist teachers in planning Mathematics learning experiences for learners, and in monitoring learners’ development throughout the primary years.

Language

Language is fundamental to learning and permeates the entire PYP curriculum. By learning about language and learning through language, we develop an appreciation of the richness of language and a love of literature. Language is also a key factor in the development of international understanding and, as such, has a major role in a PYP classroom. The PYP classroom values and supports the home language and the language of instruction and provides access to other languages. Language is the major connecting element across the curriculum. All teachers are teachers of Language in the PYP.

The PYP learning extends beyond the classroom walls to all learning experiences. The teacher plans, in collaboration with other homeroom teachers, teaching assistants and specialists. English Language Acquisition (ELA) and additional language teachers play an important role in reinforcing, supporting and extending the classroom work. Language is also a major connection between home and school. In the PYP classroom, cooperative activities optimize the development of language. The host country’s language and literature are addressed, helping everyone to appreciate the culture of the host country.

Acknowledging that learning language is a developmental process, the Language Scope and Sequence is a developmental continuum to assist teachers in planning language learning experiences for students, and in monitoring learners’ development throughout the primary years.

Language consists of four strands:

Oral Language – Listening and Speaking
Visual Language – Viewing and Presenting
Written Language – Reading
Written Language – Writing

English Language Acquisition (ELA)

As the language of instruction at MIS is English, learners from P1 who do not speak English or who are not proficient in English attend ELA classes and are also supported in the homeroom. Learners develop skills in formal and informal communication and the ability to use English in real-life situations. This approach provides reinforcement for all aspects of language learning.

All ELA teachers work by ‘scaffolding’ language development or providing the support a student needs as they progress. English Language Learners are also encouraged to write in their home language(s) and appropriately use devices to research in their home language(s). In the ELA and homeroom classes, the ELA teachers offer task specific language support.

Language Acquisition (French/Hindi/Marathi)

Learners in P1 or P2, who are not in ELA, will have Hindi sessions each week. From P3, a student who is not in ELA, will select to study either Hindi or French as an additional language. From 2020-2021, the P1 learners will have a Marathi lesson each week.

The Language Acquisition Curriculum:

Supports learners in understanding that languages are communication tools and we use them as a part of our overall learning experience.
Values translanguaging
Relates to student’s day to day lives and are relevant to their ages and interests.

There will be different ability levels in the same class. The activities, teaching techniques and tasks are differentiated according to the ability of the learners.

The Arts

The PYP recognizes that learning in the Arts is a developmental process and that the phases through which a learner passes are not always linear or age related.

For this reason, the content is presented in continuums for each of the two strands of arts: responding and creating. The content of each continuum has been organized into four phases of development that aim to describe arts learning relevant to learners in a PYP school. Teachers ensure that they continue to build on understanding development in the earlier phases while introducing the new concepts, knowledge and skills detailed in the later phases.

Visual Arts

The Visual Arts programme is delivered via Units of Inquiry that are aimed at developing artistic appreciation, vocabulary and skills.

The learners are given an opportunity to reflect upon “big ideas” by making connections between questions asked and the concepts that drive the inquiry. They relate these concepts to their artwork and become aware of their relevance to all areas of their learning.

The programme stresses the importance of taking care of tools and materials and using them safely and responsibly without wastage.

An understanding and appreciation of one’s own artwork, reflection and solving artistic problems using a variety of tools, materials, media and techniques and developing proficiency with a preferred medium is the expectation by the end of the programme. Learners will begin to think and behave like artists. They will develop a sensitivity to artistic works and appreciate art as a form of communication.

Materials and Media

Materials will be drawn from the child’s environment and the student will be introduced to a variety of media e.g., sand, leaves, flowers, playdough, water, crayons, paints. Gross motor activities that involve body parts and tactile exploration e.g., finger/foot painting will be included.

Music

The Music programme units of Inquiry explore sound, signs and symbols, music and diversity and performance.

Learners are encouraged to listen to a wide variety of musical styles and genres. Learners will explore and develop the musical concepts of pulse, duration, tempo, pitch, dynamics, structure, timbre, texture and style. They will participate in a variety of activities designed to develop and extend their appreciation of music, their musical skills and knowledge and their creativity. The curriculum draws from a wide variety of resources and approaches.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT)

The role of ICT is to provide integrated support to the whole curriculum via meaningful technology integration. The Units of Inquiry develop many ICT areas of competence and skills, such as using the internet safely and effectively, researching, inquiring and presenting work electronically.

ICT emphasizes the development of competencies in a range of tools that can be used by the learners across the whole curriculum and in their everyday lives:

as a tool for inquiry
a platform for communication between the school and the wider community
a tool for reflection
a tool for assessment
a resource / research tool
a tool to viewing and presenting learning
a tool for entertainment

There is a strong emphasis on Digital Literacy and Digital Citizenship through our Digital Literacy and Information Literacy Scope and Sequence documents that guide our learning experiences.

Language and Literature – English and Mother Tongue Languages

All students at MIS engage in the study of English, generally in the structure of the study of Language and Literature, although some study English as an acquisition language. In addition to English, Language and Literature studies are available in other languages as much as the school is able to support, provided the students have the skills in that language to engage appropriately in the programme.

MYP Language and Literature courses equip students with linguistic, analytical and communicative skills that help to develop interdisciplinary understanding. Students develop skills in six domains—listening, speaking, reading, writing, viewing and presenting—both independently and with others.

MYP language and literature courses include a balanced study of genres and literary texts, including a world literature component. Students’ interactions with texts generate moral, social, economic, political, cultural and environmental insights. Through their studies, students learn how to form opinions, make decisions, and engage in ethical reasoning.

The aims of MYP language and literature are to encourage and enable students to:

use language as a vehicle for thought, creativity, reflection, learning, self-expression, analysis and social interaction
develop the skills involved in listening, speaking, reading, writing, viewing and presenting in a variety of contexts
develop critical, creative and personal approaches to studying and analysing literary and non-literary texts
engage with text from different historical periods and a variety of cultures
explore and analyse aspects of personal, host and other cultures through literary and non-literary texts
explore language through a variety of media and modes
develop a lifelong interest in reading
apply linguistic and literary concepts and skills in a variety of authentic contexts.

Students are assessed against 4 criteria in Language and Literature; Analyzing, Organizing, Producing Text, and Using Language.

Language Acquisition – German / French/ English

Acquiring new languages and further developing existing languages is central to the IB MYP philosophy. All students study a second language, either a second Language & Literature subject or a Language Acquisition subject. MIS offers taught language acquisition in three main languages; German, French and English.

The study of languages is central to both the school’s Mission and the IB Mission. The study of additional languages in the MYP provides students with the opportunity to develop insights into the features, processes and craft of language and the concept of culture, and to realize that there are diverse ways of living, behaving and viewing the world.

The study of new languages in the MYP allows for exploring cultural perspectives, developing international-mindedness, and promotes multiliteracy.

The aims of MYP Language Acquisition are to encourage and enable students to:

gain proficiency in an additional language while supporting maintenance of their mother tongue and cultural heritage
develop a respect for, and understanding of, diverse linguistic and cultural heritages
develop the communication skills necessary for further language learning, and for study, work and leisure in a range of contexts
develop multiliteracy skills through the use of a range of learning tools
develop an appreciation of a variety of literary and non-literary texts and to develop critical and creative techniques for comprehension and construction of meaning
recognize and use language as a vehicle of thought, reflection, self-expression and learning in other subjects
understand the nature of language and the process of language learning
gain insight into the cultural characteristics of the communities where the language is spoken
gain an awareness and understanding of the perspectives of people from own and other cultures
develop curiosity, inquiry and a lifelong interest in, and enjoyment of, language learning.

Students are assessed against 4 criteria in Language Acquisition; Comprehending Spoken and Visual Text; Comprehending Written and Visual Text; Communicating in response to Spoken/Written/Visual Text; Using Language in Spoken and Written form.

Individuals and Societies

At MIS, the Individuals and Societies (I&S) subject includes studies of history, geography and other social studies strands. It includes inquiries into historical, geographical, political, social, economic, and cultural factors that affect individuals, societies and environments. We offer I&S as an integrated subject in the MYP years, approaching the strands of History, Geography, Economics as well as general topics related to the subject in a unit-wise approach.

Inquiry in this subject group promotes critical thinking around diversity, culture, attitudes, and beliefs. Important skills of collecting, analyzing and drawing conclusions from data are emphasized. Students consider sources in terms of their origin, the author’s purpose, the value of the source and the limitations. These are key lenses on the ways of knowing in this subject area.

The aims of MYP individuals and societies are to encourage and enable students to:

appreciate human and environmental commonalities and diversity
understand the interactions and interdependence of individuals, societies and the environment
understand how both environmental and human systems operate and evolve
identify and develop concern for the well-being of human communities and the natural environment
act as responsible citizens of local and global communities
develop inquiry skills that lead towards conceptual understandings of the relationships between individuals, societies and the environments in which they live.

Students are assessed on 4 criteria in Individuals and Societies; Knowing and Understanding; Investigating; Communicating; Thinking Critically.

Sciences

MIS offers science as an integrated subject in the MYP years, approaching the strands of Physics, Chemistry and Biology as well as general topics related to the nature of science in a unit-wise approach. The goal of this approach is to build skills and expose students to the range of science disciplines offered in the Diploma programme. This approach to the study of science builds scientific literacy, establishes connections between the disciplines and enables the transfer of skills. The programme is built heavily around the process of scientific inquiry.

Scientific inquiry fosters critical and creative thinking about research and design, as well as the identification of assumptions and alternative explanations. Students learn to appreciate and respect the ideas of others, gain good ethical-reasoning skills and further develop their sense of responsibility as members of local and global communities.

The MYP sciences group aims to encourage and enable students to:

understand and appreciate science and its implications
consider science as a human endeavour with benefits and limitations
cultivate analytical, inquiring and flexible minds that pose questions, solve problems, construct explanations and judge arguments
develop skills to design and perform investigations, evaluate evidence and reach conclusions
build an awareness of the need to effectively collaborate and communicate
apply language skills and knowledge in a variety of real-life contexts
develop sensitivity towards the living and non-living environments
reflect on learning experiences and make informed choices.

Students are assessed on 4 criteria in the sciences; Knowing and understanding; Inquiring and designing; Processing and evaluating; Reflecting on the impacts of science.

Mathematics

At MIS, mathematics is built around the 4 strands of the discipline; number, algebra, geometry and trigonometry, and statistics and probability. Studying mathematics promotes a powerful universal language, analytical reasoning and problem-solving skills that contribute to the development of logical, abstract and critical thinking. The classes promote inquiry and application and foster problem-solving skills.

The aims of MYP mathematics courses are to encourage and enable students to:

enjoy mathematics, develop curiosity and begin to appreciate its elegance and power
develop an understanding of the principles and nature of mathematics
communicate clearly and confidently in a variety of contexts
develop logical, critical and creative thinking
develop confidence, perseverance and independence in mathematical thinking and problem-solving
develop powers of generalization and abstraction
apply and transfer skills to a wide range of real-life situations, other areas of knowledge and future developments
appreciate how developments in technology and mathematics have influenced each other; the moral, social and ethical implications arising from the work of mathematicians and the applications of mathematics; the international dimension in mathematics; and the contribution of mathematics to other areas of knowledge
develop the knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary to pursue further studies in mathematics
develop the ability to reflect critically upon their own work and the work of others.

Students are assessed on 4 criteria in mathematics; knowing and understanding; investigating patterns; communicating; applying mathematics in real-life contexts.

Arts –Music and Visual Arts

At MIS, students engage in the study of Arts in each grade of the MYP. The approach to this subject area is a balance between music and visual art offered in a rotation structure. In MYP 4 and MYP 5, students can choose to focus on one of the two disciplines according to their interests.

The study of arts subjects serves to stimulate imagination, challenge perceptions, and develop creative and analytical skills. The course encourages students to understand the context and cultural histories of artworks, supporting the development of an inquiring and empathetic world view. Arts challenge and enrich personal identity and build awareness of the aesthetic in a real-world context. We believe that the study of these subjects are an important part of a balanced and experiential education.

Inquiry in the arts subject involves personal experimentation as well as exploration of existing works.

The aims of MYP arts are to encourage and enable students to:

create and present art
develop skills specific to the discipline
engage in a process of creative exploration and (self-) discovery
make purposeful connections between investigation and practice
understand the relationship between art and its contexts
respond to and reflect on art
deepen their understanding of the world.

Students are assessed on 4 criteria in the arts; knowing and understanding; developing skills; thinking creatively; responding.

Design

MYP design challenges students to apply practical and creative-thinking skills to solve design problems; encourages students to explore the role of design in historical and contemporary contexts; and raises students’ awareness of their responsibilities when making design decisions and taking action.

At MIS, design balances inquiries that use digital solutions (digital design) and physical solutions (product design) as well as inquiries that incorporate a blend of different approaches. The learning process in design is transferable to many other situations and develops important thinking skills.

Inquiry and problem-solving are at the heart of design. It requires the use of the design cycle as a tool, which provides: the methodology to structure the inquiry and analyse problems; the development of feasible solutions; the creation of solutions; and the testing and evaluation of the solution. In MYP design, a solution can be a model, prototype, product or system independently created and developed by students.

MYP design enables students to develop not only practical skills but also strategies for creative and critical thinking.

The aims of MYP design are to encourage and enable students to:

enjoy the design process, and develop an appreciation of its elegance and power
develop knowledge, understanding and skills from different disciplines to design and create solutions to problems using the design cycle
use and apply technology effectively as a means to access, process and communicate information, model and create solutions, and to solve problems
develop an appreciation of the impact of design innovations for life, global society and environments
appreciate past, present and emerging design within cultural, political, social, historical and environmental contexts
develop respect for others’ viewpoints and appreciate alternative solutions to problems
act with integrity and honesty, and take responsibility for their own actions developing effective working practices.

Students are assessed on 4 criteria in Design; Inquiring and Analyzing; Developing Ideas; Creating the Solution; Evaluating. Each stage in the design cycle can be approached sequentially, but the entire cycle works as a system and allows for iteration and improvement at all stages of the process.

Physical and Health Education

Physical and Health Education (PHE) at MIS is an important part of our academic programme and essential in creating a balanced learning experience. Inquiry in PHE depends heavily on collaboration and communication skills to work both individually and in a community to promote a healthy lifestyle.

MIS’ approach to PHE includes a variety of individual and team sports as well as the creation of games and activities of the students’ own devising. PHE is accessible to all students regardless of ability.

The aims of MYP physical and health education are to encourage and enable students to:

use inquiry to explore physical and health education concepts
participate effectively in a variety of contexts
understand the value of physical activity
achieve and maintain a healthy lifestyle
collaborate and communicate effectively
build positive relationships and demonstrate social responsibility
reflect on their learning experiences.

Students are assessed on 4 criterion in PHE; knowing and understanding; planning for performance; applying and performing; reflecting and improving performance.

Group 2 – Language Acquisition

Group 2 consists of modern languages which can be studied at different levels. Many factors determine the group 2 course that a student should take: the student’s best language, the language(s) spoken at home and at school, and any previous knowledge of the language of study.

Language B
Language B, the highest level for students in Group 2, is an additional language-learning course designed for students with some previous learning of that language. The course is designed for genuine second language learners with some previous experience, 4 to 5 years for Higher Level (HL) and 2 to 3 years for Standard Level (SL), of learning the language. As a result, a Language B student should have a good knowledge of grammar and vocabulary, and be fairly fluent in conversation. The main focus of the course is on language acquisition and the development of language skills. These language skills should be developed through the study and use of a range of written and spoken material. Such material will extend from everyday oral exchanges to literary texts and should be related to the culture(s) concerned.

We offer:

English B HL
German B HL & SL
French B HL & SL
Hindi B HL & SL

Language Ab initio
The other option in Group 2 is Language Ab initio. This is an option for beginners (that is, students who have no previous experience of learning the language they have chosen) and is only offered at Standard Level (SL) through Pamoja(https://pamojaeducation.com/ib-diploma) with special approval and extra fees for this special option.

Group 4 – Sciences

The Nature of science (NOS) is an overarching theme in the biology, chemistry and physics courses. This can be unpacked as:

What is science and what is the scientific endeavour?
2. The understanding of science
3. The objectivity of science
4. The human face of science
5. Scientific literacy and the public understanding of science

For all sciences courses previous knowledge is essential.

The Biology, Chemistry and Physics courses share a common structure. Students at standard level (SL) and higher level (HL) undertake a common core syllabus, a common internal assessment (IA) scheme and have some overlapping elements in the option studied. They are presented with a syllabus that encourages the development of certain skills, attributes and attitudes.

While the skills and activities of group 4 science subjects are common to students at both SL and HL, students at HL are required to study some topics in greater depth, in the additional higher level (AHL) material and in the common options. The distinction between SL and HL is one of breadth and depth.

The assessment pattern is the same for all Group 4 subjects. Written papers at the end of the course contribute 80 % of the final mark. The internal assessment requirements are the same for biology, chemistry and physics. The internal assessment, worth 20% of the final assessment, consists of one scientific investigation. The individual investigation should cover a topic that is commensurate with the level of the course of study.

The Biology, Chemistry and Physics courses share a common structure as each one is in 3 parts: a core of material that is studied at both Higher Level (HL) and Standard Level (SL), additional material that is taken at HL only and options, of which two need to be studied at both SL and HL. The assessment pattern is the same for all Group 4 subjects. Written papers at the end of the course contribute 76% of the final mark. The remaining 24% is based on practical work, including fieldwork in some subjects, set and assessed internally by the subject teachers throughout the course, and subsequently moderated externally. As part of this internal assessment, all students studying either one or two group 4 subjects must take part in a cross-disciplinary Group 4 Project.

Biology
In Biology you will study not only the science of living organisms but also develop a broad understanding of the overarching principles of the subject. These principles are found in the four basic concepts that run through the course. The first concept concerns the fact that the structures present in living organisms are intimately integrated to their function. The second is the concept of evolution which is viewed as the major driving force behind organism diversity. The third concept explains that a dynamic equilibrium is essential for the continuity of life at both ends of the Biological scale from the smallest bacterium to the ecosystems in which we live. The last concept focuses on the idea that whilst many molecules, processes and structures are common to many organisms, these organisms are nevertheless of such a mind-blowing diversity as to make their direct comparison almost impossible to begin. We offer Biology HL & SL.

Chemistry
In Chemistry students will, through academic study and investigational skills, study materials, their properties and the conversion of these materials through a variety of reactions. Although Chemistry is a subject worthy of its own study, it is often a prerequisite for a lot of other science courses in higher education: it is essential for those who wish to study Medicine, Pharmacy, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology. We offer Chemistry HL & SL

Physics
Physics is a subject of enormous breadth. In physics students will seek explanations to the universe itself. Physics enables us to alter our surroundings – to build bridges, launch satellites and make delicate instruments for microsurgery. It has given us the internet and advances in sports equipment and medical imaging. It may also provide the answers to the big issues facing the world in the 21st century, such as the shortage of world energy resources and climate change. We offer Physics HL & SL.

Environmental Systems and Societies (ESS)
Students will be able to study this course successfully with no specific previous knowledge of science or geography. ESS is a transdisciplinary course which complies with the requirements of both group 3 and group 4. Thus, it widens a student’s choice of subjects. As it is only offered at Standard Level (SL), it is not a qualification for university entry. Rather, it should be looked on as an asset. The prime intent of this course is to provide students with a coherent perspective of the interrelationships between environmental systems and societies. This will enable them to adopt an informed personal response to the wide range of pressing environmental issues that they will inevitably come to face. The students would be able to analyse their own relationship with their environment and understand the significance of choices and decisions they make in their own lives. This course aims to foster an international perspective and awareness of local and global environmental concerns. Environmental Systems and Societies is a Standard Level course only.

Group 5 – Mathematics

We offer:

Mathematics: Analysis and Approaches HL

Mathematics HL Analysis and Approaches is a course designed for students who wish to study mathematics in-depth and gain a formal understanding of the subject. It will appeal to students who are interested in exploring real and abstract applications of mathematical concepts. They will enjoy problem solving and generalisation. This course is suitable for students who may go on to further study in subjects that have a significant level of mathematics content, for example mathematics itself, engineering, physical sciences or economics.

Mathematics: Analysis and Approaches SL

Mathematics SL Analysis and Approaches is a course designed for students who wish to study a good level of mathematics, but not at a higher level. It will appeal to students who are interested in exploring real and abstract applications of mathematical concepts. They will enjoy problem solving and generalisation. This course is suitable for students who may go on to further study in subjects that have a mathematical background, for example economics, geography and chemistry.

Mathematics: Applications and Interpretations HL

Mathematics HL Applications and Interpretation is a course designed for students who wish to gain an in-depth knowledge of mathematics, but with an emphasis on the applied nature of the subject. It will appeal to students who enjoy the practical application of mathematics to real life situations. This course is suitable for students who may go on to further study in subjects that utilise mathematics in this way such as biology, the human sciences and business.

Mathematics: Applications and Interpretations SL

Mathematics SL Applications and Interpretation is a course designed for students who wish to gain a good knowledge of mathematics, but with an emphasis on the applied nature of the subject. They may have found more traditional mathematics courses a challenge and it will appeal to students who enjoy the practical application of mathematics to real-life situations. This course is suitable for students who may go on to further study in subjects that utilise mathematics in this way such as biology, the human sciences, and business.

Creativity, Activity, Service

The Creativity, Activity, Service (CAS) component of the International Baccalaureate (IB) is an integral part of the Diploma Programme (DP). Participation in CAS encourages students to be involved in creative pursuits, physical activities and service projects in the local, national and international context.

It takes seriously the importance of life outside the world of scholarship, requiring students to share their energies and special talents while developing awareness, concern and the ability to work cooperatively with others. CAS extends students. It develops a spirit of open-mindedness, lifelong learning, discovery and self-reliance. It inspires a sense of responsibility towards all members of the community. It encourages the development of attitudes and traits that will be respected by others, such as determination and commitment, initiative and empathy. The stress of the CAS programme is to create an atmosphere conducive to the development of the “informed heart” within each student. It is integral to the international education that the school offers and leads naturally from the Community and Service programme followed in the Middle Years Programme (MYP).

What is CAS?

CAS is a framework for experiential learning, designed to involve students in new roles. The emphasis is on learning by doing real tasks that have real consequences and then reflecting on these experiences over time. This process of doing and reflecting on the doing provides an excellent opportunity to extend what is learned in the classroom to a form of service. The most meaningful CAS experience comes from spending time with others to build relationships and develop the self-worth of both server and served. CAS should build self-esteem, self-confidence, autonomy and self-reliance.

Creativity
This aspect of CAS is interpreted as imaginatively as possible to cover a wide range of arts and other activities outside the normal curriculum which include creative thinking in the design and carrying out of service projects. Students will be engaged in group activities, and especially in new roles, wherever possible. Nevertheless, individual commitment to learning an art form is allowed, where it respects the requirements for all CAS activities: that goals are set and the student reflects on progress.

Activity
This aspect of CAS can include participation in expeditions, individual and team sports, and physical activities outside the normal curriculum; it also includes physical activity involved in carrying out creative and service projects. Activities may involve participation in sport or other activities requiring physical exertion—such as expeditions and camping trips, or developmental and environmental drives. Students should be encouraged towards group and team activities, and undertaking new roles, but an individual commitment is acceptable where the general requirements of CAS are met: goals are set and the student reflects on progress. Both creativity and activity can be enhanced by incorporating the service element.

Service
Service projects and activities are often the most transforming element of the Diploma Programme for the individual student; they have the potential to nurture and mould the global citizen. Service involves interaction, such as the building of links with individuals or groups in the community. The community may be the school, the local district, or it may exist on national and international levels (such as undertaking projects of assistance in a developing country). Service activities should not only involve doing things for others but also doing things with others and developing a real commitment with them. The relationship should therefore show respect for the dignity and self-respect of others. The three elements (Creativity, Action, and Service) of CAS are interwoven. The service element is the most significant, but the other two are very important as they provide access, balance, and flexibility to meet individual students’ interests and preferences. It is the interaction of them all that creates the richness of CAS. The whole of CAS is greater than the sum of its parts.

What is not CAS?

The spirit of CAS needs to be considered at all times. CAS should consist of an interesting variety of activities the student finds intrinsically worthwhile and rewarding, and which is mutually beneficial to the student and his or her community. Generally, CAS is not taking place when the student is in a passive rather than active role. There should be interaction. If the student is passive, nothing of real value, either for the student or for other people, results from what the student is doing; no real reflection is possible. In such circumstances the student will be able to meet the programme objectives only to a very limited extent.

Examples of activities which, at first sight, would appear to be inappropriate:

Any class or activity or project which is already a part of the student’s Diploma Programme course.
An activity for which a student is personally rewarded financially.
Doing simple tedious and repetitive work, like returning school library books to shelves.
Babysitting or tutoring.
Working in an elderly or children’s home when the student has no idea of how the home operates or is just preparing food or has no contact with the elderly or children.
A passive pursuit such as a visit to a museum, the theatre, art exhibition, concert or sports event, unless it clearly inspires work in a related activity in which a student is already engaged.
All forms of duty within the family.
Religious devotion and any activity which can be interpreted as proselytizing.
Work experience which only benefits the student.
Fundraising with no clearly defined end in sight.
An activity where there is no leader or responsible adult on site.
Activities that cause division among different groups in the community.
An activity done in consecutive years with no ‘new task/challenge’ involved.

Extended Essay

The Extended Essay (EE) is a compulsory, core component of the Diploma Programme (DP), consisting of a 4000 word, independent research project. The EE needs to be done in a very structured way, similar to the sort of work one would do for a thesis at university. It should be based on one of the DP subjects the student is studying which extends the scope of their studies by either going into more depth on a topic or researching a topic that is not covered in the syllabus. Students are introduced to the EE late in their DP1 year and are assigned a supervisor to assist them.

For:

Group 1, the essay will be literature based and similar to their normal assignments.
Group 2, their essay can be either language-based or culturally-based and has to be written in that language.
Group 3, their essay needs to have a theme based in that subject.
Group 4, their essay should be an experimental investigation.
Group 5, they must be able to do the mathematics that they are writing about.
Group 6, their essay needs to have a theme based in that subject.

For the EE there are criteria to be followed to do with the research methods and presentation. The subject students choose will determine how these criteria are applied to their essay. EE supervisors will give details of how these criteria are applied.

Theory of Knowledge

The Theory of Knowledge (TOK) course, a flagship element in the Diploma Programme (DP), encourages critical thinking about knowledge itself, to try to help young people make sense of what they encounter. Its core content is questions like these: What counts as knowledge? How does it grow? What are its limits? Who owns knowledge? What is the value of knowledge? What are the implications of having, or not having, knowledge?

What makes TOK unique, and distinctively different from standard academic disciplines, is its process. At the centre of the course is the student as the knower. Students entering the DP typically have 16 years of life experience and more than 10 years of formal education behind them. They have accumulated a vast amount of knowledge, beliefs and opinions from academic disciplines and their lives outside the classroom. In TOK students have the opportunity to step back from this relentless acquisition of new knowledge, in order to consider knowledge issues. These include the questions already mentioned, viewed from the perspective of the student, but often begin from more basic ones, like: What do I claim to know [about X]? Am I justified in doing so [how?]? Such questions may initially seem abstract or theoretical, but TOK teachers bring them into closer focus by taking into account students’ interests, circumstances and outlooks in planning the course.

TOK activities and discussions aim to help students discover and express their views on knowledge issues. The course encourages students to share ideas with others and to listen to and learn from what others think. In this process students’ thinking and their understanding of knowledge as a human construction are shaped, enriched and deepened. Connections may be made between knowledge encountered in different DP subjects, in Creativity, Action, Service (CAS) experience or in Extended Essay (EE) research; distinctions between different kinds of knowledge may be clarified.

Because the subject matter of the course is defined in terms of knowledge issues, there is no end to the valid questions that may arise in a TOK course.

Group 6 – The Arts

Music
While prior music experience is strongly recommended for those students who opt for Higher Level (HL), it is not mandatory for Standard Level (SL). The course provides an appropriate foundation for further study in music at university level or in other music career pathways. It is designed to offer students the opportunities to build on prior experiences in music while encouraging a broad approach to the subject and developing new skills, techniques and ideas. The course also aims at developing the student’s potential as musicians, either as a soloist or in ensembles, and as composers and creators of music. The programme of study builds on a strong fundamental and theoretical base, but weights the practical performance and developing of performance skills highly. We offer Music HL & SL.

Visual Arts

This course is designed to provide students with an authentic approach to the Visual arts as a discipline with many facets that lead to a very concrete outcome. The Exhibition is the culminating activity that is realized through many approaches; the exhibition text, curatorial rationale, hanging and placement are just a few that will challenge the student through planning and much discussion. The Curatorial Rationale component of the programme is expected of both Higher Level ( HL) and Standard ( SL) students. HL students are required to submit 700 words and the SL students 400 words that help to justify the inclusion of such work in their final exhibition.

The Exhibition requires work that is chosen from a list of possible media to work from. Basically two dimensional, three dimensional, and digital work are all possibilities for students at the HL and SL to experiment with. SL students are expected to submit 4-7 resolved pieces while HL students need 8-11 pieces.

The Comparative Study is a component that is required of both the HL and SL student and offers both a challenge and opportunity to prove understanding and creativity with presentation methods. HL and SL students are required to submit 10-15 digital screens. In addition to the screens, higher level students also need to submit a piece that was influenced by one of the artists chosen for the study along with 3-5 screens that help to show evidence of the process.

The Process Portfolio provides students at the higher as well as standard level the opportunity to share evidence related to a very structured and defined set of criteria that the IB has laid out. Again the number of screens required, differs according to the level a student has registered for. 13-25 digital screens are required at the higher level and 9-18 digital screens for the standard level.

In addition to the very specific material needed for achievement, the Visual arts students should come prepared to spend class time as well as leisure time exploring ideas and concepts. This approach will help each student to gain an authentic concept of the visual arts as an area of study and will help to prepare them for what is to come at the university level of education. We offer Visual Arts HL & SL.

Theatre

The IB Diploma Programme theatre course is a multifaceted theatre-making course. It gives students the opportunity to make theatre as creators, designers, directors, and performers. It emphasizes the importance of working both individually and as part of an ensemble. It offers the opportunity to engage actively in the creative process of inquiring, developing, presenting, and evaluating. Students are encouraged to work as inquisitive and imaginative artists, transforming ideas into action and communicating these to an audience.

Theatre students learn to apply research and theory to inform and contextualize their work as they experience the course through practical and physical engagement. They understand that knowledge resides in the body and that research can be conducted physically through both action and practice. In this respect, the theatre course encourages students to appreciate that through the processes of researching, creating, preparing, presenting, and critically reflecting on theatre—as participants and spectators—they gain a richer understanding of themselves, their community, and the world.

Through the study of theatre, students strengthen their awareness of their own personal and cultural perspectives, developing an appreciation of the diversity of theatre practices, their processes, and their modes of presentation. This enables students to discover and engage with different forms of theatre across time, place, and culture and promotes international-mindedness. Participation in the DP theatre course results in the development of both theatre and life skills; the building of confidence, imagination, creativity, and a collaborative mindset. We offer Theatre HL & SL.

Group 3 – Individuals and Societies

While all of the Individuals and Societies courses may be taken without previous knowledge, previous study will certainly be helpful.

Business Management
The course examines business decision-making processes in marketing, production, human resource management and finance and how these decisions have an impact and are affected by internal and external environments. It studies the way individuals and groups interact in an organisation and how resources are transformed within an international perspective. The aims of this course focus on the development of critical, analytical thinking in the context of a dynamic business environment. Business and Management is case study-centered and based on real business examples. Students who do well are able to put together an argument as to why things happen and justify solutions to business scenarios. We offer Business Management at HL & SL.

History
Who caused World War One? Was Hitler a successful dictator? Why did Mao launch the Cultural Revolution? Did the atom bomb defeat Japan? History at IB level is about questions and argument. Challenge your teachers, attack the theories of other historians and build up knowledge of the dramatic events that radically altered man’s existence during the Twentieth Century. The internally assessed coursework (25%) gives students the opportunity to research a topic of their own choice, to develop personal conclusions and perhaps even to criticise accepted historical ideas. Not only is the subject itself enjoyable but it also allows them to develop skills which are highly sought after by employers. The ability to compile information, work out thorough responses and write convincing argument is paramount to many types of career from business to law or marketing. We offer History at HL & SL.

Economics

The study of economics is essentially about dealing with scarcity, resource allocation and the methods and processes by which choices are made in the satisfaction of human wants. As a social science, economics uses scientific methodologies that use quantitative and qualitative elements.

The IB Diploma Programme economics course emphasizes the economic theories of microeconomics, which deal with economic variables affecting individuals, firms and markets, and the economic theories of macroeconomics, which deal with economic variables affecting countries, governments and societies.

These economic theories are not to be studied in a vacuum—rather; they are to be applied to real-world issues. Prominent among these issues are fluctuations in economic activity, international trade, economic development and environmental sustainability. We offer Economics at HL & SL.

Group 1 – Studies in Language and Literature

Students must choose a Group 1 course that, as far as possible, is most suited to their needs and that will provide them with an appropriate academic challenge. There are two choices for students to take in Group 1 – Language and Literature course or the Literature course. Students who take these courses will often have varied language profiles and may be multilingual. The choice of the specific Group 1 course will depend on a student’s and teacher’s interests and the student’s future educational plans.

We offer:

Language and Literature
This course is for students who have a good grasp and understanding of the language being studied and who can study literature in that language. The student who opts for this course may be a first language user or someone with a well-developed understanding of this language as a Second Language. This course involves the study of both literary and non-literary texts. This course is offered in English only at HL & SL

English Language and Literature HL & SL

Literature
The Literature course is designed for students to study a range of literary texts written in or translated into their “first language” (or “mother tongue” or “home language”). This course requires a very high level of ability in the language of study, encouraging students to appreciate the artistry of literature and to develop an ability to reflect critically on their reading. Works are studied in their literary and cultural contexts, through close study of individual texts and passages, and by considering a range of critical approaches.

English Literature HL & SL

German Literature HL & SL

Korean Literature HL & SL

Hindi Literature HL & SL

For languages not offered at MIS, students may opt to follow a “school supported self-taught” Literature course (Standard Level only) in which they are given assistance with literary techniques by an English teacher and then study texts in their first language.

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